Introduction: regions, identities, and remote borderlands -- Contesting the past: the historical dimension of the Transylvanian conflict -- Fieldwork on nationalism: Transylvania in the ethnographic imagination -- Literary contests: populism, Transylvania, and national identity -- Transylvania between the two Socialist states: border and diaspora identities in the 1970s and 1980s -- Youth and political action: the dance-house movement and Transylvania -- Transylvania reimagined: democracy, regionalism, and post-Communist identity -- Conclusion: new nations, identities, and regionalism in the new Europe.